Saint Bernard

Key Information

Type: working

Size: medium

Intelligence: Fair

Popularity Ranking: #43

Lifetime Cost: $20,022

Longevity: 7.78 years

Characteristics

History

The Saint Bernard breed dates back to the 17th century in the Swiss Alps, specifically at the Great St. Bernard Hospice, a refuge for travelers and pilgrims crossing the treacherous mountain passes. Monks at the hospice began to breed large dogs for rescue purposes, selecting dogs with both strength and a gentle temperament. These dogs were instrumental in saving over 2,000 lives over three centuries, using their keen sense of direction and powerful build to locate and help stranded travelers. The most famous Saint Bernard was Barry, who saved more than 40 people during his lifetime. The breed was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885 and continues to be admired worldwide for its heroic heritage and gentle nature.

Physical Characteristics

  • Height: Males 28-30 inches, Females 26-28 inches

  • Weight: Males 140-180 pounds, Females 120-140 pounds

  • Coat: Short or long, dense double coat

  • Colors: Red and white, brown and white, brindle patches

  • Head: Massive and imposing with wrinkled brow

  • Ears: Medium-sized, close to head

  • Tail: Long, heavy, carried low

  • Body: Muscular with broad chest

  • Movement: Powerful but smooth

Temperament & Characteristics

  • Personality: Gentle, patient, and friendly

  • Intelligence: Moderate to high

  • Sociability: Very social and good with people

  • With Children: Excellent but needs supervision due to size

  • With Other Pets: Generally good with proper socialization

  • Watch Dog Abilities: Natural guardian but not aggressive

  • Energy Level: Moderate

  • Training: Willing to please but can be stubborn

  • Adaptability: Good but sensitive to heat

Living with a Saint Bernard

Living with a Saint Bernard requires understanding their needs:.

  • Exercise Requirements: Moderate daily exercise

  • Living Space: Large home with yard preferred

  • Climate Adaptability: Prefers cool weather

  • Grooming: Regular grooming needed

  • Noise Level: Moderate, tends to snore

  • Social Needs: Strong desire for family interaction

  • Time Commitment: High

  • needs attention and care

  • Special Considerations: Drools considerably

Training & Care

  • Grooming: Brush 2-3 times weekly

  • Bathing: Every 6-8 weeks or as needed

  • Exercise: Short walks, avoid overexertion

  • Training: Early socialization crucial

  • Mental Stimulation: Moderate activities

  • Feeding: High-quality large breed food

  • Dental Care: Regular teeth cleaning

  • Nail Care: Regular trimming essential

  • Drool Management: Keep towels handy

Health Considerations

  • Life Expectancy: 8-10 years

  • Common Health Issues:

  • Hip dysplasia

  • Elbow dysplasia

  • Bloat (gastric torsion)

  • Heart problems

  • Eye problems

  • Preventive Care: Regular vet check-ups

  • Weight Management: Critical to prevent joint stress

  • Genetic Testing: Available for several conditions

  • Exercise-Related: Avoid exercise in heat

Cost of Ownership

  • Initial Purchase: $2,500-$5,000 from reputable breeders

  • Annual Medical Costs: $1,000-$2,000 for routine care

  • Food Costs: $900-$1,500 annually

  • Grooming: $600-$1,000 annually

  • Training: $800-$1,200 for basic classes

  • Supplies: $500-$1,000 initial setup

  • Insurance: $800-$1,500 annually

  • Total Lifetime Cost: Average $25,000-$35,000

Breed Comparisons

Breed Standard Highlights: The Saint Bernard should exhibit a calm demeanor, strong bone structure, and a well-balanced physique.

  • Size: One of the largest dog breeds

  • Temperament: More gentle than most giant breeds

  • Grooming: More demanding than short-coated breeds

  • Exercise Needs: Lower than many large breeds

  • Intelligence: More independent than many breeds

  • Family Compatibility: More patient than many large breeds

Is a Saint Bernard Right for You?

Is a Saint Bernard Right for You? Consider these factors:.

  • Ideal for patient, experienced dog owners

  • Good for families with space

  • Suitable for cooler climates

  • Perfect for those wanting a gentle giant

  • Great for calm households

  • May not suit those who:

  • Live in small spaces

  • Have limited budget

  • Are very house proud (drooling)

  • Live in hot climates

  • Cannot handle a large dog

Tips for New Owners

  • Start training early while manageable

  • Provide joint supplements early

  • Manage drooling with strategies

  • Keep exercise moderate

  • Use positive reinforcement

  • Monitor weight carefully

  • Join giant breed clubs

  • Consider pet insurance

  • Prepare for size-related expenses

  • Socialize extensively as puppies